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November SAT Vocabulary Practice: 420 Words

Review 420 academic words by section and write your own examples. An unofficial practice set, not predicted November SAT questions.

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Vocabulary · Practice word list · Free, no account needed

420 vocabulary words to practice. Not a prediction of SAT test content.

Use this as a focused vocabulary review, not a memorization guarantee. The Digital SAT tests word meanings in context; this is not an official College Board list.

Work through unfamiliar words in small batches. For each, cover the definition, recall it, then write your own sentence. Use the downloadable CSV to keep track of example sentences.

The original worksheet did not provide theme labels for every section. Those groups are marked as additional vocabulary instead of assigning new categories.

Section 1: Argument and Persuasion

30 words
advocate

to publicly support

allege

to claim without proof

assert

to state firmly

concede

to admit, grant

contend

to argue, maintain

refute

to prove wrong

rebut

to argue against

corroborate

to confirm with evidence

substantiate

to back up with proof

dispute

to question or challenge

endorse

to approve publicly

reiterate

to repeat for emphasis

underscore

to emphasize

posit

to put forward as fact

propose

to suggest a plan or idea

qualify

to limit or modify a statement

skeptical

doubtful, questioning

cogent

clear and convincing

compelling

powerfully persuasive

plausible

believable, reasonable

tenuous

weak, flimsy

dubious

doubtful, questionable

fallacious

based on faulty reasoning

rhetoric

persuasive language

discourse

formal discussion

premise

a basis for an argument

inference

a conclusion from evidence

hypothesis

a testable explanation

conjecture

a guess without proof

consensus

general agreement

Section 2: Contrast and Complexity

30 words
ambiguous

open to more than one meaning

ambivalent

having mixed feelings

paradox

a seemingly contradictory truth

dichotomy

a split into two opposites

nuanced

full of subtle distinctions

subtle

not obvious, delicate

intricate

complicated, detailed

convoluted

overly complex, twisted

elusive

hard to find or grasp

enigmatic

mysterious, puzzling

inscrutable

impossible to understand

opaque

unclear, not transparent

cryptic

deliberately mysterious

esoteric

understood by only a few

abstruse

difficult to understand

arcane

known only to insiders

obscure

unclear, little known

equivocal

deliberately vague

vague

lacking detail

nebulous

hazy, undefined

anomaly

something unusual

discrepancy

a mismatch

incongruous

out of place

disparate

fundamentally different

divergent

moving apart

contradictory

opposing, inconsistent

juxtaposition

placing side by side for contrast

antithesis

the direct opposite

irony

the opposite of what is expected

dissonance

clash, lack of harmony

Section 3: Change and Development

30 words
evolve

to develop gradually

transform

to change completely

undermine

to weaken gradually

erode

to wear away

diminish

to become smaller

wane

to decrease

dwindle

to shrink steadily

proliferate

to multiply rapidly

burgeon

to grow quickly

flourish

to grow well

thrive

to prosper

stagnate

to stop developing

stifle

to suppress, hold back

hinder

to hold back

impede

to obstruct

thwart

to prevent success

bolster

to strengthen

augment

to increase

amplify

to make stronger or louder

exacerbate

to make worse

alleviate

to ease

mitigate

to lessen severity

ameliorate

to improve

catalyze

to speed up change

precipitate

to cause suddenly

supplant

to replace

revolutionize

to change radically

innovate

to introduce something new

adapt

to adjust to new conditions

volatile

unstable, quick to change

Section 4: Attitude and Tone

30 words
candid

honest, frank

earnest

sincere, serious

sincere

genuine

wry

dryly humorous

sardonic

bitterly mocking

cynical

distrustful of motives

jaded

worn out by experience

apathetic

uninterested

nostalgic

longing for the past

wistful

yearning, sadly wishful

melancholy

gloomy, sad

somber

serious, gloomy

jubilant

joyful, triumphant

exuberant

full of energy and joy

zealous

passionately devoted

fervent

intensely passionate

ardent

enthusiastic, eager

indignant

angry at unfairness

scornful

contemptuous

disdainful

showing contempt

condescending

talking down to others

patronizing

treating as inferior

reverent

deeply respectful

irreverent

disrespectful, playful

whimsical

playfully odd

sanguine

optimistic

pensive

deeply thoughtful

solemn

serious, formal

ominous

threatening

aloof

distant, reserved

Section 5: Science and Research

30 words
empirical

based on observation

anecdotal

based on personal stories

correlation

a relationship between two things

causation

one thing causing another

variable

a factor that can change

methodology

the methods used in a study

replicate

to repeat and get the same result

anomalous

deviating from the norm

quantify

to measure numerically

qualitative

based on qualities, not numbers

hypothesize

to propose an explanation

deduce

to conclude by reasoning

infer

to conclude from evidence

extrapolate

to extend known data to predict

synthesize

to combine into a whole

analyze

to examine in detail

scrutinize

to examine closely

evaluate

to judge the value of

assess

to estimate, judge

systematic

done by a fixed method

rigorous

strict, thorough

meticulous

extremely careful

comprehensive

complete, thorough

preliminary

early, preparatory

inconclusive

not settling the matter

definitive

final, conclusive

robust

strong, sturdy

bias

unfair preference

objective

unbiased, fact-based

subjective

based on personal opinion

Section 6: Character and Behavior

30 words
benevolent

kind, well-meaning

malevolent

wishing harm

altruistic

selflessly concerned for others

pragmatic

practical

frugal

careful with money

lavish

extravagant

prudent

wise, cautious

reckless

careless of danger

audacious

boldly daring

timid

shy, fearful

tenacious

persistent

resolute

firmly determined

obstinate

stubborn

intransigent

refusing to compromise

gregarious

sociable

reclusive

avoiding others

eccentric

unconventional

humble

modest

arrogant

overly proud

pompous

self-important

ostentatious

showy

austere

plain, severe

stoic

enduring without complaint

diligent

hardworking

indolent

lazy

fastidious

very picky about detail

perfunctory

done with minimal effort

impulsive

acting without thinking

deliberate

intentional, careful

magnanimous

generous, forgiving

Section 7: Additional vocabulary (words 181–210)

30 words
autonomy

independence, self-rule

sovereignty

supreme authority

hierarchy

ranking by status

egalitarian

believing in equality

dissent

disagreement

oppression

unjust control

suppress

to forcibly stop

legislation

laws

reform

to improve by change

radical

extreme, fundamental

orthodox

conventional, traditional

pluralism

coexistence of many groups

marginalize

to push to the edges

inequity

unfairness

disenfranchise

to take away rights

coalition

an alliance

allegiance

loyalty

regime

a system of government

sanction

a penalty, or to approve

precedent

an earlier example

authoritative

trustworthy, commanding

legitimate

lawful, valid

viable

workable

pervasive

widespread

prevalent

common

ubiquitous

found everywhere

indigenous

native to a place

colonize

to settle and control

migrate

to move between regions

heritage

inherited traditions

Section 8: Language and Literature

30 words
allusion

an indirect reference

metaphor

a figurative comparison

analogy

a comparison to explain

imagery

descriptive sensory language

motif

a recurring element

symbolism

using objects to represent ideas

narrative

a story

prose

ordinary written language

satire

mocking to criticize

parody

a mocking imitation

anecdote

a short personal story

soliloquy

a speech to oneself

foreshadow

to hint at what comes

protagonist

the main character

antagonist

the opposing character

vivid

strikingly clear

evocative

bringing feelings to mind

lyrical

expressively poetic

eloquent

fluent, persuasive

succinct

brief and clear

verbose

wordy

terse

abrupt, concise

laconic

using very few words

prolific

highly productive

idiom

a fixed expression

colloquial

informal, conversational

vernacular

everyday local language

connotation

an implied meaning

denotation

the literal meaning

syntax

sentence structure

Section 9: Additional vocabulary (words 241–270)

30 words
paramount

most important

pivotal

critically important

crucial

essential

integral

essential as a part

negligible

too small to matter

trivial

of little importance

marginal

small, minor

substantial

large, significant

considerable

fairly large

copious

plentiful

abundant

more than enough

scarce

in short supply

meager

lacking in amount

sparse

thinly spread

myriad

countless

ample

plenty

inherent

built in, natural

intrinsic

belonging naturally

peripheral

on the edge, minor

fundamental

basic, essential

superficial

shallow

profound

deep, intense

formidable

intimidatingly strong

immense

huge

minuscule

extremely tiny

exorbitant

excessively high

nominal

small, in name only

optimal

best possible

adequate

good enough

sufficient

enough

Section 10: Key Verbs

30 words
exemplify

to be a typical example

illustrate

to clarify with examples

delineate

to describe precisely

depict

to portray

portray

to represent

convey

to communicate

evoke

to call forth

elicit

to draw out a response

invoke

to call upon

provoke

to stir up a reaction

incite

to stir to action

compel

to force

coerce

to force by threats

deter

to discourage

inhibit

to restrain

facilitate

to make easier

foster

to encourage growth

cultivate

to develop and nurture

nurture

to care for and develop

espouse

to adopt a belief

eschew

to deliberately avoid

forsake

to abandon

relinquish

to give up

renounce

to reject formally

reconcile

to bring into harmony

mediate

to settle between parties

negotiate

to bargain

yield

to give way, or to produce

acquiesce

to accept reluctantly

capitulate

to surrender

Section 11: Nature and Earth Science

30 words
ecosystem

a community of living things

habitat

where an organism lives

biodiversity

variety of life

adaptation

a trait suited to survival

species

a type of organism

organism

a living thing

symbiotic

mutually beneficial

ecological

relating to environments

arid

very dry

fertile

able to produce abundantly

barren

unable to produce life

temperate

mild in climate

erosion

gradual wearing away

sediment

settled particles

geological

relating to Earth's rock

fossil

preserved remains

extinct

no longer existing

endangered

at risk of extinction

conservation

protection of resources

sustainable

able to continue long-term

renewable

naturally replenished

emissions

released pollutants

climate

long-term weather patterns

atmosphere

the layer of gases around Earth

catalyst

something that speeds a change

compound

a combined substance

molecule

a group of bonded atoms

mutation

a genetic change

evolutionary

relating to gradual change over generations

genetic

relating to genes

Section 12: Judgment and Quality

30 words
exemplary

serving as a model

commendable

deserving praise

laudable

worthy of praise

noteworthy

worth attention

remarkable

extraordinary

groundbreaking

highly innovative

pioneering

first to do something

acclaimed

widely praised

renowned

famous

prestigious

highly respected

notorious

famous for something bad

infamous

well known for wickedness

flawed

having a defect

deficient

lacking

inadequate

not enough

mediocre

average, unimpressive

rudimentary

basic, undeveloped

simplistic

too simple

naive

lacking experience

shrewd

clever, sharp

astute

quick to understand

perceptive

insightful

discerning

having good judgment

insightful

showing deep understanding

judicious

wise, sensible

erroneous

mistaken

spurious

false, not genuine

unorthodox

unconventional

unprecedented

never done before

contentious

controversial

Section 13: Additional vocabulary (words 361–390)

30 words
ephemeral

short-lived

transient

temporary

fleeting

passing quickly

enduring

lasting

perpetual

never-ending

chronic

long-lasting

sporadic

occasional

intermittent

on and off

contemporary

modern, of the same time

archaic

very old, outdated

antiquated

out of date

obsolete

no longer used

nascent

just beginning

imminent

about to happen

subsequent

coming after

preceding

coming before

concurrent

happening at the same time

simultaneous

at the same moment

adjacent

next to

proximity

nearness

remote

far away

secluded

isolated

expansive

wide, extensive

confined

restricted

boundary

a dividing line

vicinity

the surrounding area

sprawling

spreading widely

cohesive

unified

fragmented

broken into parts

interwoven

closely connected

Section 14: Additional vocabulary (words 391–420)

30 words
commodity

a good that can be traded

scarcity

limited supply

incentive

a motivating reward

subsidy

financial support from government

tariff

a tax on imports

surplus

an excess

deficit

a shortfall

monopoly

sole control of a market

affluent

wealthy

impoverished

extremely poor

prosperity

success, wealth

equitable

fair

lucrative

profitable

fluctuate

to rise and fall

entrepreneur

a business founder

stimulate

to encourage activity

allocate

to distribute for a purpose

expenditure

spending

revenue

income

liability

a responsibility or debt

asset

something valuable owned

collaborate

to work together

compromise

a mutual concession

arbitrate

to settle a dispute formally

jurisdiction

legal authority

ratify

to officially approve

mandate

an official order

stipulate

to specify as a condition

criterion

a standard for judging

paradigm

a typical model or framework

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